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SlackBuild 脚本
SlackBuild脚本本质上是一个shell脚本(通常采用bash shell语法), 它可以自动地配置、编译和创建Slackware包(*.tgz, *.txz, *.tbz 文件)
概述
从源代码创建Slackware包的基本过程可以总结如下,然个别差异应具体问题具体分析
- 解压源码压缩包 (.tar.gz or .tar.bz2 文件) 至安装目录下
- 创建名为
slack-desc
文件,并以正确的格式描述该软件 - 如有需要,可自行配置源码或为其打上补丁
- 编译/构建源代码生成可执行二进制文件(binary)
- 将程序安装至某临时目录
make-install
(或类似功能)是如何工作的。在标准GNU Makefile中,传递给
make-install
命令的 DESTDIR
变量应该足够了。在不支持该选项的非标准Makefile和构建系统中,这可能涉及修补
Makefile
(或类似文件)或编辑构建系统的构建配置。
- 复制本程序的技术文档或其它必要文件(包括安装后所需脚本)复制到安装目录中的相应子目录中。
/usr/
目录下。
- 使用临时目录(安装位置)中的
makepkg
实用工具创建一个Slackware软件包,然后可以使用installpkg
实用工具进行安装。
虽然上面的步骤可以手动完成,但这个过程很繁琐,且需要输入很多命令。通过shell脚本实现自动化安装,用户还可以与整个社区共享流程,使用和修改现有的SlackBuild脚本将同一程序升级到新版本也是很有必要的。
Creating SlackBuild scripts
A good hands-on tutorial on creating a SlackBuild script can be found here, and there are also a few templates available to get a feeling for what is needed from a script.
However, software may be written in different programming languages, use different build systems, or may even simply be written in an interpreted programming language with no obvious way to “install” it. In such cases, many steps involved in writing a SlackBuild script will differ from the standard way. Blindly copying and pasting commands from other SlackBuild scripts may or may not work.
It is recommended that anybody who wishes to write a SlackBuild script, study and understand the build system of a software project before attempting to write a SlackBuild script for it. A degree of proficiency in writing shell scripts is also a definite benefit, as it is the practice to use Bourne shell compatible scripts for SlackBuilds. Ideally, simple C projects which use the standard GNU Make system is a good way to start practicing writing SlackBuild scripts.
Submitting SlackBuild scripts to a public repository such as http://www.slackbuilds.org may additionally require adherence to certain conventions and coding standards. For instance, it would be necessary for the script to determine the target architecture at runtime rather than hard-coding it into the script. These standards attempt to make SlackBuild scripts as portable as possible.
SlackBuild 自动生成器
这里有些工具也许能辅助你创建SlackBuild脚本,具体如下所示:
- mkslack
SlackBuild生成脚本 by David Woodfall
扩展链接
- SlackBuilds 仓库 - http://www.slackbuilds.org/
- SlackBuild 模板 - http://slackbuilds.org/templates/
原著者
- 最初由 V.Harishankar 为
SlackDocs Wiki
项目撰写